2008 Great Southern California ShakeOut: Theme issue of Earthquake Spectra

The May 2011 special issue of the EERI journal Earthquake Spectra is devoted to the USGS-led 2008 Southern California ShakeOut Scenario and Exercise, which hypothesized the occurrence and effects of an Mw7.8 earthquake on the southern San Andreas fault. Created by the USGS Multi Hazard Demonstration Project, the ShakeOut Scenario is novel in employing both multidisciplinary cutting-edge research and broadly accepted professional practice. The ShakeOut special issue communicates how science can enhance community resilience and has relevance far beyond California for earth sciences, earthquake engineering, preparedness, mitigation, emergency response, decision-making, and public policy. Strategically designed by and with end users, the 2008 ShakeOut drill engaged millions of people, made an immediate difference in preparedness, and is now a statewide annual event. The ShakeOut model has spread to the central United States, Nevada, Oregon, Guam, and internationally to Canada and New Zealand.

Containing 104 color figures, the 20 articles in the ShakeOut special issue address the following areas: Earth sciences: Shaking intensity and ground failure; Ground motion simulations and comparisons; Surface faulting impacts; Fault displacement hazards.

Earthquake engineering: Loss estimation; Impacts on steelframe, woodframe, and concrete buildings and loss of function; Reconstruction materials; Impacts on and restoration of lifelines; Fire following earthquake.

Preparedness and public policy: Functions of public policy; Communications, preparedness, emergency response and recovery; Deaths and injuries; Economic impacts; Resilience lessons; Group reactions to the exercise; Implementation of lessons learned.

Throughout the volume, research needs are defined and practical measures are recommended, often by stakeholders, to reduce risks associated with future earthquakes.